Like the U.S.-China Relations HAT, this assessment measures students’ ability to contextualize and periodize two historical documents by placing them on a timeline. The first document is an excerpt from a 1947 newspaper article published in Washington, D.C., and the second is from the same newspaper in 1931. This HAT draws on students’ historical knowledge, but in a way that requires more than the simple recall of information. Students must understand how and why Spain’s government changed from the end of the monarchy in 1931 to the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939 and use their understanding to place historical sources in time.