Like Connections to the Philippine-American War, this assessment gauges students' knowledge of the past. Rather than measure whether students can simply recall decontextualized facts, this assessment requires students to make connections across time and construct an argument about how events are connected. Students with a strong sense of the past will be able to explain that the assassination of Franz Ferdinand sparked World War I and that the fighting depicted was part of that war. Strong students will also explain that Russia suffered tremendous casualties in World War I, which led to massive social unrest and eventually revolution.